An estimate of the average amplitude of a signal over a given time period. The ARV is defined as the average of the “rectified” (absolute value) signal over an epoch (or window) of duration T (or N samples). The average rectified value for one signal epoch, V_ARV, is defined as in Formula 1. N is the total number of samples being averaged (over the epoch of the EMG signal under analysis) and V_n is the value of the n^th sample within the epoch. The epoch/window duration must be stated when reporting the V_RMS. In practice, the mean value of the signal should be subtracted from the total signal length before rectifying. The epoch/window duration should also be stated when reporting V_ARV. The equation for V_ARV can also be expressed in continuous time, as shown in Formula 2. T is the length of the signal epoch in seconds.